| Material Type | Niobium |
| Symbol | Nb |
| Atomic Weight | 92.90638 |
| Atomic Number | 41 |
| Purity | 3N5-5N |
| Color/Appearance | Gray, Metallic |
| Thermal Conductivity | 54 W/m.K |
| Melting Point (°C) | 2,468 |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | 7.3 x 10-6/K |
| Theoretical Density (g/cc) | 8.578 |
| Z Ratio | 0.492 |
| E-Beam | Excellent |
Vacuum evaporation means the evaporation materials are evaporated to atoms or molecules in vacuum by current heating, electron beam heating and laser heating. Atoms or molecules make rectilinear motion to impact substrate surface and condense to form films.
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